Interaction of satiety and reward response to food stimulation

Obesity is among the most pressing health issues affecting developed countries. The etiology of obesity remains unclear despite its associated health risks and problems. We propose a framework for obesity modeled upon overeating as a substance dependence disorder arising from a combination of abnormal cognitive and neuroendocrine processes. While significant work has investigated the body's regulation of satiety signals, fewer studies have focused on the mechanisms by which these two seemingly disparate (cognitive and neuroendocrine) systems interact. Although emotional states have been shown to mediate reward processing, the implications for hunger mediating reward have not previously been addressed. We review the interaction between central satiety signals and reward responses to food stimuli and discuss the implications of this research for understanding the causes of obesity.