KOH activation of carbon nanofibers

Catalytically grown carbon nanofiber (CNF) was activated with KOH to attain a high surface area with porous structure. The structural change of CNFs through KOH activation was investigated by using SEM, TEM and XRD. KOH activation was found to be effective to develop particular pore sizes on the CNF surface, increasing the surface area of CNF. The increase of surface area in KOH activation of CNF is first ascribed to local broadening of graphene interstices or local burn-off of graphenes, which limit the surface area increase of CNF with the fiber structure maintained. The activation under severe conditions caused to destroy the fiber structure of CNF. Activated CNFs were applied as an electrode for electrical double layer capacitors to be compared to active carbon fibers in terms of the surface properties. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.