Memory functioning in children with traumatic brain injuries: a TOMAL validity study

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads the causes of death and disability among children and adolescents. Despite the prevalence of TBI among children, few studies have examined memory in children. The purpose of this study was to compare memory functioning, as measured by the Test of Memory and Learning (TOMAL), of children with and without TBI and with moderate and severe TBI to determine if differences existed. Of the 140 participants, 70 had sustained a head trauma and 70 served as controls. The results indicated that, when the TBI and control group were compared, significant differences were found on all of the TOMAL indexes. With the exception of the verbal delayed recall items, significant differences were demonstrated on all the TOMAL subtests. No differences were identified when moderate and severe groups were compared. These findings further the understanding of memory following pediatric TBI, as well as have implications for interventions with this population. (C) 2002 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.