期刊
ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
卷 11, 期 3, 页码 575-582出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00781
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资金
- AbbVie
- Bayer Pharma AG
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Eshelman Institute for Innovation
- Genome Canada
- Innovative Medicines Initiative (EU/EFPIA) [115766]
- Janssen
- Merck Co.
- Novartis Pharma AG
- Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation
- Pfizer
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP
- Takeda
- Wellcome Trust
RNA methyltransferases (RNMTs) play important roles in RNA stability, splicing, and epigenetic mechanisms. They constitute a promising target class that is underexplored by the medicinal chemistry community. Information of relevance to drug design can be extracted from the rich structural coverage of human RNMTs. In this work, the structural chemistry of this protein family is analyzed in depth. Unlike most methyltransferases, RNMTs generally feature a substrate-binding site that is largely open on the cofactor-binding pocket, favoring the design of bisubstrate inhibitors. Substrate purine or pyrimidines are often sandwiched between hydrophobic walls that can accommodate planar ring systems. When the substrate base is laying on a shallow surface, a 5' flanking base is sometimes anchored in a druggable cavity. The cofactor-binding site is structurally more diverse than in protein methyltransferases and more druggable in SPOUT than in Rossman-fold enzymes. Finally, conformational plasticity observed both at the substrate and cofactor binding sites may be a challenge for structure-based drug design. The landscape drawn here may inform ongoing efforts toward the discovery of the first human RNMT inhibitors.
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