Gas hydrates: A cleaner source of energy and opportunity for innovative technologies

The global energy system is characterized by a gradual de-carbonization and move to cleaner burning technologies: from wood to coal to oil and to natural gas. A final destination characterized by the term hydrogen economy is desired. Gas hydrate found in the earth's crust is considered a source of natural gas that is essentially 100% methane (CH,) gas. Natural gas hydrate estimates worldwide range from 10,000 to 40,000 trillion cubic meters (TCM). Efforts are underway to exploit this resource. These methane hydrates in the earth's crust also have the potential to be a significant factor in global climate change. Moreover, gas hydrates offer opportunities for the development of innovative technologies (separation of CO2 from CO2/N-2 and CO2/H-2 mixtures, CO2 sequestration, natural gas transportation and storage and H-2 storage). In this work we assess the progress towards exploitation of gas hydrates as a resource for methane (cleaner energy) and summarize the state of the art with respect to the role of gas hydrates in the development of innovative technologies.