Public performance measurement An assessment of the state-of-the-art and models for citizen participation

Purpose - This paper seeks to present an overview of the state-of-the-art of public performance measurement in the USA. The growing degree of sophistication of performance measurement tools is highlighted as well as some of the current challenges associated with implementing meaningful performance measurement systems. More importantly, models where citizens participate directly in the process of assessing and measuring the performance of government are introduced. Overall, this article aims to address the following questions: what is the state-of-the-art of public performance measurement? How are citizens adding meaning to the performance measurement process? Design/methodology/approach - This paper offers a literature review that assesses the state of practice of performance measurement as a tool for management. In addition to highlighting the value of this management tool, models of citizen-driven performance measurement are offered as strategies for measuring what matters to citizens. Findings - While there are challenges associated with implementing systems of performance measurement, evidence shows that including citizens in the process adds value to the overall process. Originality/value - This paper assesses the state-of-the-art and utility of public performance measurement. Strategies and models are offered to bridge the interests of public managers and citizens in the process. These approaches, or modified versions, can be adopted and implemented in many contexts and may serve as useful tools for the international community.