Comparison of three extraction methods for 17 beta-estradiol in sand, bentonite, and organic-rich silt loam

Extraction is an important procedure for samples that contain soil because other compounds in soil may affect analysis of estrogens. This study was conducted to evaluate three different extraction methods for 17 beta-estradiol in soil. Sand, bentonite, and organic-ich silt loam were spiked with 1 mg kg(-1) of 17 beta-estradiol as a model compound of estrogens. 17 beta-estradiol and its metabolites, estrone and estriol, were extracted using (i) a modified Bligh and Dyer extraction, (ii) a pressurized fluid extraction, and (iii) a diethyl ether extraction, and measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. There were significant differences in the extraction efficiency for 17 beta-estradiol among the extraction methods and the soils: the efficiencies ranged from 10% to 97%. Overall, the diethyl ether extraction method had the largest efficiency of 17 beta-estradiol with 45% and 57% for bentonite and silt loam, respectively. Transformation of 17 beta-estradiol to estrone and estriol in the different extraction methods was less than 3.6% during the extraction procedures. This study underlined the importance of sample preparation for estrogen analysis in soil samples.