期刊
CARBON
卷 50, 期 9, 页码 3367-3374出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.01.064
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-
资金
- French National Research Agency [ANR-07-Stock-E-SODELOS]
Microporous carbons with a finely controlled porosity have been prepared from non-porous chars by cyclic oxidation/thermal desorption and further used in supercapacitor electrodes working in organic medium. The described activation method is shown to be effective for at least two types of non-porous carbons derived from sucrose and cellulose. The low temperature oxidation is realized by H2O2 at 200 degrees C and followed by thermal desorption of the surface functional groups at 900 degrees C under nitrogen flow. The porosity-forming procedure involves 4-5 oxidation/decomposition cycles, thus allowing a gradual adjustment of average pore size to that of ions making up the standard organic electrolyte -1 mol L-1 TEA(+) BF4- in acetonitrile. The build-up of pore volume during the initial cycles proceeds essentially through the opening/formation and deepening of narrow micropores (L-o approximate to 0.8 nm), whereas a slight pore widening appears to be the main outcome of further cycles. Due to the low burn-off of the overall process, the carbons are shown to form much denser coatings (0.71 g cm(-3)) than a steam-activated carbon used in industrial supercapacitors (0.52 g cm(-3)). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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