期刊
ANNALEN DER PHYSIK
卷 14, 期 1-3, 页码 51-70出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/andp.200410121
关键词
Brownian motors; Brownian motion; statistical physics; noise-induced transport
In systems possessing a spatial or dynamical symmetry breaking, thermal Brownian motion combined with unbiased, non-equilibrium noise gives rise to a channelling of chance that can be used to exercise control over systems at the micro- and even on the nano-scale. This theme is known as the Brownian motor concept. The constructive role of (the generally overdamped) Brownian motion is exemplified for a noise-induced transport of particles within various set-ups. We first present the working principles and characteristics with a proof-of-principle device, a diffusive temperature Brownian motor. Next, we consider very recent applications based on the phenomenon of signal mixing. The latter is particularly simple to implement experimentally in order to optimize and selectively control a rich variety of directed transport behaviors. The subtleties and also the potential for Brownian motors operating in the quantum regime are outlined and some state-of-the-art applications, together with future roadways, are presented. (C) 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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