期刊
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
卷 106, 期 -, 页码 160-165出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.076
关键词
Alkaline aqueous solution; Urea; Rapid dissolution; Nitrogen content; Cellulose membrane
资金
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia [LRGS/TD/2012/USM-UKM/PT/04, ERGS/1/2012/STG05/UKM/01/4]
- Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for MyBrain15-MyMaster Scholarship
Cellulose carbamate (CCs) was produced from kenaf core pulp (KCP) using microwave reactor-assisted method. The effects of urea concentration and reaction time on the formation of nitrogen content in CCs were investigated. The CCs' solubility in LiOH/urea system was determined and its membranes were characterized. As the urea content and reaction time increased, the nitrogen content form in CCs increased which enhanced the CCs' solubility. The formation of CCs was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nitrogen content analysis. The CCs' morphology was examined using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cellulose II and crystallinity index of the membranes were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The pore size of the membrane displayed upward trend with respect to the urea content observed under Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). This investigation provides a simple and efficient procedure of CCs determination which is useful in producing environmental friendly regenerated CCs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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