期刊
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
卷 90, 期 2, 页码 976-981出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.06.030
关键词
TG/DTG/DTA; Flame retardant; Gray cotton fabric; Bleached cotton fabric; Cone calorimeter; Time of sustainable ignition
资金
- Fulbright Foundation
- Slovak Granting Agency VEGA [2/0087/11]
Unbleached cotton fabrics (UCF) with 12.5% polypropylene scrim treated with two phosphate-urea based fire-retardant (FR) formulations were evaluated for FR properties using thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTG/DTA) method. In addition to testing the two FR-treated unbleached cotton fabrics (CF-FR1 and CF-FR2), bleached cotton fabric (BCF) treated with the two FR formulations (BCF-FR1 and BCF-FR2) was evaluated. Both formulations were washable with add-on of FR chemicals at 18.7% (FR1) or 17.4% (FR2) for UCF and 22.5% (FR1) or 24.9% (FR2) for BCF. The decreasing order of sums at maximal rates of samples degradation in air environment according to DIG method was: BCF (21.40%/min) > UCF (12.91%/min) > BCF-FR2 (12.83%/min) > BCF-FR1 (11.68%/min) > CF-FR2 (10.20%/min) > CF-FR1 (9.73%/min). It indicates that both formulations cause the decrease of thermooxidation of the products at slower rates than the starting material. Several endo- and exothermic peaks observed by DTA in inert and oxidative environment gives additional information about the degradation process. The order of decreasing thermal responses of the studied samples based on sums of DTA peak values of endothermic and exothermic peaks in air environment is: UCF (0.597 degrees C/mg) > BCF (0.120 degrees C/mg) > CF-FR1 (0.089 degrees C/mg) > BCF-FR1 (0.077 degrees C/mg) > CF-FR2 (0.062 degrees C/mg)> BCF-FR2 (0.053 degrees C/mg). This is in agreement with the cone calorimeter results according to which the flammability properties are improving with the decreasing heat release rates or ignition time prolongation in order: UCF > CF-FR1 > CF-FR2. The advantage of TG/DTG/DTA method is slower linear heating rate, which allows the more detailed evaluation of the light and flammable cotton fabric. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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