期刊
PLANTA MEDICA
卷 71, 期 1, 页码 20-23出版社
GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-837745
关键词
Cymbopogon citratus; Gramineae; Ocimum gratissimum; Lamiaceae; essential oils; beta-phellandrene; geranial; malaria; Plasinodium berghei; parasitaemia; antimalarial activity
The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves of Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum gratissimum growing in Cameroon were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the oil of Ocimum gratissimum were gamma-terpinene (21.9%), beta-phellandrene (21.1%), limonene (11.4%) and thymol (11.2%), while the oil of Cymbopogon citratus contained geranial (32.8%), neral (29.0%), myrcene (16.2%) and beta-pinene (10.5%). The effects of these oils on the growth of Plasmodium berghei were investigated. Both oils showed significant antimalarial activities in the four-day suppressive in vivo test in mice. At concentrations of 200, 300 and 500 mg/kg of mouse per day, the essential oil of C. citratus produced the highest activity with the respective percentages of suppression of parasitaemia: 62.1%, 81.7% and 86.6%. The corresponding values for the oil of O.gratissimum at the same concentrations were 55.0%, 75.2% and 77.8%, respectively. Chloroquine (10 mg/kg of mouse, positive control) had a suppressive activity of 100%.
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