期刊
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
卷 84, 期 1, 页码 14-27出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.12.008
关键词
systematic review; tobacco use; sub-Saharan Africa; adults > 15 years
资金
- FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER [R01TW005955, T37TW000113] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [P50DA010075] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- FIC NIH HHS [5T37 TW00113-04, 1R01 TW05955-02] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [P50 DA10075] Funding Source: Medline
Background: Given that developing countries (and particularly women in these countries) are at increasing risk for tobacco use, the need for hard data to accurately monitor tobacco use in developing countries is needed. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the available prevalence data on current tobacco use among adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods: Several databases were systematically searched for articles published in peer-reviewed journals at any time during the last century to mid-2005. The search resulted in the retrieval of 54 articles in which the current use of tobacco, cigarettes, cigars and snuff were reported. They were conducted in 14 of the 48 SSA countries. Results: Cross-country comparisons revealed that the prevalence, and intensity (frequency and/or quantity) of tobacco use was higher among males compared to females across all countries. Certain racially classified social groups in South Africa were at increased risk for tobacco use. Males aged between 30 and 49 years used tobacco at higher rates than those younger or older than this age range. Among females, prevalence rates of smoked tobacco use increased steadily with age. There was no clear pattern regarding socio-economic status (SES) or urban/rural differences. The onset of tobacco use mostly occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood. Conclusions: While in many SSA countries the prevalence of tobacco use among adults is relatively low compared to developed and other developing countries, prevention, interventions and policies should work towards reducing these levels by targeting the at risk populations identified from this review. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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