期刊
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
卷 33, 期 1-2, 页码 1-8出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04316.x
关键词
amino acids; arginase; endothelial; nitric oxide; vascular
1. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a fundamental role in the vasculature because of its diverse influence in vascular protection, including its well- reported antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and vasodilator effects. In many vascular disease states, NO production is reduced as a result of endothelial dysfunction, in part caused by a decrease in substrate ((L)-arginine) availability. 2. The role of L-arginine and other amino acids important in nitrogen balance has been re- examined in the context of their effects on vascular health. The metabolism of L-arginine is complex because it is involved in a plethora of other pathways, such as urea, creatine and agmatine production. L- Arginine supplementation in patients with vascular disease is well reported to benefit patients therapeutically because of its effect on both NO-dependent and - independent mechanisms. 3. L-Arginine availability depends on the flux of other amino acids in the body, including L-glutamine, L-glutamate, L-ornithine, L-citrulline and L-lysine. The role of L-methionine and homocystine and their effect on NO also play an influential role in the body. 4. Recent data suggest that the key enzyme involved in the L-arginine-urea cycle, arginase, is coexpressed in NO-producing cells in the vasculature. In the present review, we examine the potential role of arginase as a therapeutic target for vascular health.
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