期刊
BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY
卷 79, 期 1, 页码 35-44出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20320
关键词
embryonic; palate; MAP kinase; orofacial; ERK
资金
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20-RR017702, P20 RR017702-04, P20 RR017702] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDCR NIH HHS [DE12858, R01 DE012858, DE05550, R01 DE005550-22, R01 DE005550, R01 DE012858-04] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [R21 ES011775-02, R21 ES011775, ES11775] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P20RR017702] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL &CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE012858, R01DE005550] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [R21ES011775] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
BACKGROUND: Formation of the mammalian orofacial region involves multiple signaling pathways regulating sequential expression of and interaction between molecular signals during embryogenesis. The present study examined the expression patterns of members of the MAPK family in developing murine orofacial tissue. METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from developing ernbryonic orofacial tissue during gestational days (GDs) 12-14 and used to prepare biotinylated cDNA probes, which were then denatured and hybridized to murine MAPK signaling pathways gene arrays. RESULTS: Expression of a number of genes involved in the (ERK1/2) cascade transiently increased in the embryonic orofacial tissue over the developmental period examined. Numerous members of the SAPK/JNK cascade were constitutively expressed in the tissue. Genes known to play a role in p38 MAPK signaling exhibited constitutive expression during orofacial development. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ERK2/1, p38, and SAPK/JNK kinases are present in embryonic orofacial tissue on each of GD 12, 13, and 14. By using phospho-specific antibodies, active ERK was shown to be temporally regulated during orofacial development. Minimal amounts of active p38 and active SAPK/JNK were detected in orofacial tissue during GDs 12-14. CONCLUSIONS: Our study documents specific expression patterns of genes coding for proteins belonging to the ERK1/2, p38, and SAPK/ JNK MAPK families in embryonic orofacial tissue. We also demonstrate that active, phosphorylated forms of ERKI/2 only were detected in the embryonic tissue investigated, suggesting a more central role for members of this family in embryonic orofacial development.
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