Neuroendocrine differentiation prostate cancer: From lab to bedside

Objectives: To discuss the current knowledge on induction, production, sustenance and promotion of neuroendocrine differentiation in human prostate cancer. Methods: Review literature using PubMed search and scientific journal Results: Morphological evidence explains some functional relationship between neuroendocrine and surrounding cells. Transdifferentiation phenomenon and new biochemical pathways could be included in the development of androgen independence and prostate progression. Conclusion: Multiple evidence seems to that a synergistic functional network between epithelial PSA secretory cells and neuroendocrine intraprostatic system is the main trigger for the induction and sustenance of neuroendocrine differentiation. The development of new antineoplastic molecules should consider the multiple of the intercellular network. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.