Hybrid turbulence modeling of liquid spray impingement on a heated wall with arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method

Removal of large heat fluxes produced in power electronics and many other engineering applications has become a necessary condition and a barrier to growing technology. It is desirable to remove high rates of heat fluxes over a large area. Spray cooling has become an important tool in this case. To date, numerous experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out in the area of spray cooling and the effects of different parameters of spray impingement on heat removal rates. The effects of the spray nozzle, volumetric flux, the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the spray, subcooling, and working fluid have been investigated. Several experiments have been performed in order to understand nucleate boiling and critical heat flux. Rini et al. [1] studied the heat transfer mechanism of spray cooling, which is associated with such phenomena as nucleate boiling due to surface nucleation and secondary nucleation, convective heat transfer, and direct evaporation from the surface of a liquid film. An experimental study of spray cooling to determine local quenching characteristics for various regimes of a water spray boiling curve was done by Mudawar et al. [2]. Loureiro et al. [3] studied gasoline spray impacting perpendicular to a heated surface.