Antioxidant enzyme complex of tissues of the bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. under normal and oxidative-stress conditions: A review

The results of studies of tissue specifics of the enzymatic antioxidant complex of the bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. are summarized. It is shown that the highest oxidative load is experienced by gills. The antioxidant complex of gills largely depends on environmental conditions than on the mollusk's state, which allows this tissue to be used for ecological diagnostics. A decrease in the content of carotenoids in tissue s suppressed the activities of the key enzymes of antiradical defense-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase-and is accompanied by a decrease in the reduced glutathione (GSH) pool. The state of the antioxidant complex of molluscan tissues under conditions of natural (spawning) and artificial (exposure to a cationic surfactant) oxidative stress was studied.