Emerging trends in advanced high energy materials

Enhanced performance of propellants and explosives is the most sought-after attribute for ambitious research programs in the field of high energy materials. Convergence of defence and space sector priorities has always kept research and development efforts in the area of propellants to the forefront. With the diminishing boundaries between rocket and gun propellants, as well as explosives, the possibility of low-vulnerable munitions with high performance potentials and spin-off advantages of research on rocket propellants are also emerging on the forefront. At the same time, an increasing predominance of missiles in today's military warfare, as well as the space sector, has brought the issue of pollution by chlorine-containing combustion products of modern ammonium- perchlorate-based propellants into focus. A drastic transformation of high energy material technology is in offing. Research and development efforts made in this direction have brought an array of new materials into prominence. This paper reviews the recent work done in the frontier areas of advanced novel high energy materials. This paper covers the global scenario in the development of oxidizers, binders, plasticizers, high energy density materials, and insensitive high energy materials.