期刊
CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW
卷 18, 期 4, 页码 438-455出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2006.08.001
关键词
off-farm employment; migration; household survey; China
类别
This paper analyzes the relative importance of four sub-categories of off-farm employment, and the factors driving participation of individuals in these sub-categories for three villages in Jiangxi Province. We find that migration is the most important type of off-farm employment, while agricultural wage employment is a minor activity. Migrant remittances are smaller than household incomes earned from self-employment and local non-farm employment. The results of a multinomial probit analysis explaining off-farm participation decisions show that presence of young children in a household restrains participation in migration, while the presence of elderly persons and a higher level of education stimulate migration. Local wage employment and self-employment are not affected by these factors. The gender bias in access to off-farm employment is largest for agricultural employment and local non-agricultural employment. Land scarcity stimulates participation in migration and local non-agricultural employment, while possibilities to rent land out to other farmers stimulate only migration. The paper ends with policy suggestions for promoting off-fann employment within the own region and for altering the criteria for land distribution to rural households. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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