Tris(2,2 '-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chemiluminescence enhanced by silver nanoparticles

Mixtures of silver(I) and citrate that are used to produce silver nanoparticles evoke intense chemiluminescence with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) and cerium(IV), which can be exploited for the determination of citrate ions and other analytes over a wide concentration range.