期刊
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
卷 147, 期 2, 页码 332-343出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.09.001
关键词
glutamate excitotoxicity; NMDA receptors; ammonia; glutamate neurotoxicity; fish models; anoxia; hyperammonemia
资金
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [F32ES005705, P30ES005705, R01ES011005] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES005705-14, ES 11005, P30 ES005705, F32 ES005705, R01 ES011005, ES 05705, R01 ES011005-03] Funding Source: Medline
Although the number of fish species that have been studied for both hypoxia/anoxia tolerance and ammonia tolerance are few, there appears to be a correlation between the ability to survive these two insults. After establishing this correlation with examples from the literature, and after examining the role Peter Lutz played in catalyzing this convergent interest in two variables, this article explores potential mechanisms underpinning this correlation. We draw especially on the larger body of information for two human diseases with the same effected organ (brain), namely stroke and hepatic encephalopathy. While several dissimilarities exist between the responses of vertebrates to anoxia and hyperammonemia, one consistent observation in both conditions is an overactivation of NMDA receptors or glutamate neurotoxicity. We propose a glutamate excitotoxicity hypothesis to explain the correlation between ammonia and hypoxia resistance in fish. Furthermore, we suggest several experimental paths to test this hypothesis. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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