Occupational Outcomes of Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors

BACKGROUND: The authors examined whether survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study were less likely to be in higher-skill occupations than a sibling comparison and whether certain survivors were at higher risk for lower-skill jobs. METHODS: The authors created 3 mutually exclusive occupational categories for participants aged >= 25 years: Managerial/Professional, Nonphysical Service/Blue Collar, and Physical Service/Blue Collar. The authors examined currently employed survivors (4845) and their siblings (1727) in multivariable generalized linear models to evaluate the likelihood of being in 1 of the 3 occupational categories. Multinomial logistic regression was used among all participants to examine the likelihood of these outcomes compared to being unemployed (survivors, 6671; siblings, 2129). Multivariable linear models were used to assess survivor occupational differences by cancer- and treatment-related variables. Personal income was compared by occupation. RESULTS: Employed survivors were less often in higher-skilled Managerial/Professional occupations (relative risk, 0.93; 95% confidence interval 0.89-0.98) than their siblings. Survivors who were black, were diagnosed at a younger age, or had high-dose cranial radiation were less likely to hold Managerial/Professional occupations than other survivors. In multinomial models, female survivors' likelihood of being in full-time Managerial/Professional occupations (27%) was lower than male survivors (42%) and female (41%) and male (50%) siblings. Survivors' personal income was lower than siblings within each of the 3 occupational categories in models adjusted for sociodemographic variables. CONCLUSIONS: Adult childhood cancer survivors are employed in lower-skill jobs than siblings. Survivors with certain treatment histories are at higher risk for lower-skill jobs and may require vocational assistance throughout adulthood. Cancer 2011;117:3033-44. (C) 2011 American Cancer Society.