A study of nitroxide polyradical/activated carbon composite as the positive electrode material for electrochemical hybrid capacitor

We present a new concept of the hybrid electrochemical capacitor technology in which a poly (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy methacrylate) nitroxide polyradical/activated carbon composite (PTMA-AC) is used as the positive electrode material and activated carbon is used as the negative electrode material. On the positive electrode, both reversible reduction and oxidation of nitroxide polyradical and non-faradic ion sorption/desorption of activated carbon are involved during charge and discharge process. The capacity of the composite electrode is 30% larger than that of the pure activated carbon electrode. A hybrid capacitor fabricated by the PTMA-AC composite positive electrode and the activated carbon negative electrode shows a good cycling life, it can be charged/discharged for over 1000 cycles with slight capacity loss. The hybrid capacitor also has a Good rate capability, it maintains 80% of the initial capacity even at the high discharge current of up to 20C. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.