期刊
DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS
卷 39, 期 1, 页码 87-144出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/03602530600969440
关键词
reductive drug metabolism; carbonyl reductase; hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; pluripotency; aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily; short-chain dehydrogenasereductase (SDR) superfamily
Carbonyl reduction of aldehydes, ketones, and quinones to their corresponding hydroxy derivatives plays an important role in the phase I metabolism of many endogenous (biogenic aldehydes, steroids, prostaglandins, reactive lipid peroxidation products) and xenobiotic (pharmacologic drugs, carcinogens, toxicants) compounds. Carbonyl-reducing enzymes are grouped into two large protein superfamilies: the aldo-keto reductases (AKR) and the short-chain dehydrogenaseslreductases (SDR). Whereas aldehyde reductase and aldose reductase are AKRs, several forms of carbonyl reductase belong to the SDRs. In addition, there exist a variety of pluripotent hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs) of both superfamilies that specifically catalyze the oxidoreduction at different positions of the steroid nucleus and also catalyze, rather nonspecifically, the reductive metabolism of a great number of nonsteroidal carbonyl compounds. The present review summarizes recent-findings on carbonyl reductases and pluripotent HSDs of the SDR protein superfamily.
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