期刊
HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 68, 期 1, 页码 1-11出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2006.09.005
关键词
HLA-G; Qa-2; lipid rafts; signaling; MHC
类别
资金
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH &HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R01HD039215, R01HD040309] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD 40309, R01 HD039215, R01 HD040309, R01 HD039215-05, HD 39215] Funding Source: Medline
HLA-G protein is the functional homolog of Qa-2, the product of the mouse preimplantation embryo development (Ped) gene. Embryos expressing Qa-2 on the cell surface exhibit a faster rate of preimplantation cleavage and preferential survival in utero compared with Qa-2-negative embryos. Qa-2 is glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) linked in the cell membrane. As a result, Qa-2 proteins cluster in cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich lipid raft microdomains in the cell membrane and can signal via raft-associated intracellular signaling molecules. Using T cells as a model system, cross-linking of Qa-2 on the cell membrane has been shown to induce proliferation of resting cells. HLA-G, like Qa-2, lacks a cytoplasmic domain capable of transducing signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, but unlike Qa-2, HLA-G has a short six-amino acid cytoplasmic tail rather than a GPI anchor. To test whether HLA-G, like Qa-2, is located in lipid rafts and can act as a signaling molecule, we used an HLA-G transgenic mouse system. T cells were isolated and tested for HLA-G expression by immunofluorescence and for localization of HLA-G in lipid rafts by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Next, the T cells were cross-linked with anti-HLA-G antibody to test for induction of proliferation. Our novel results show that HLA-G, like GPI-linked Qa-2, is present in lipid rafts in the cell membrane and can act as a signaling molecule to induce proliferation of resting T cells.
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