4.2 Article

High-yield no-till canola production on the Canadian prairies

期刊

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE
卷 92, 期 2, 页码 221-233

出版社

CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.4141/CJPS2011-125

关键词

Combined agronomic practices; crop rotation; direct-seeding; oil concentration; oil-seed rape polymer-coated nitrogen

资金

  1. Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program (ABIP)
  2. Prairie Canola Agronomic Research Program (PCARP)
  3. Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Canola Cluster Initiative
  4. Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund (ACIDF)
  5. Canola Council of Canada

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Harker, K. N., O'Donovan, J. T., Turkington, T. K., Blackshaw, R. E., Lupwayi, N. Z., Smith, E. G., Klein-Gebbinck, H., Dosdall, L. M., Hall, L. M., Willenborg, C. J., Kutcher, H. R., Malhi, S. S., Vera, C. L., Gan, Y., Lafond, G. P., May, W. E., Grant, C. A. and McLaren, D. L. 2012. High-yield no-till canola production on the Canadian prairies. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 221-233. Relatively high prices and increasing demand for canola (Brassica napus L.) have prompted growers to produce more canola on more cropland. Here we determine if canola seed yield and oil concentration can be increased over current levels with high levels of crop inputs. From 2008 to 2010, direct-seeded experiments involving two seeding rates (75 vs. 150 seeds m(-2)), two nitrogen rates (100 vs. 150% of soil test recommendation), and the presence or absence of polymer-coated nitrogen or fungicides, were conducted at eight western Canada locations in canola-wheat-canola or continuous canola rotations. Herbicides, insecticides and fertilizers other than nitrogen were applied as required for optimal canola production. Increasing recommended nitrogen rates by 50% increased canola yields by up to 0.25 Mg ha(-1). High (150 seeds m(-2)) versus lower (75 seeds m(-2)) seeding rates increased canola yields by 0.07 to 0.16 Mg ha(-1) Fungicide treatment or polymer-coated nitrogen blended with uncoated urea increased canola yields by 0.10 Mg ha(-1) in 2010, but not in 2008. The highest canola input combination treatment following wheat (3.50 Mg ha(-1)) yielded substantially more than the same high input treatment following canola (3.22 Mg ha(-1)). Average site yields were influenced by site conditions such as soil organic matter, days to maturity, and temperature, but these site and environmental predictors did not alter treatment rankings. Using higher than the soil test recommended rate of nitrogen or planting 150 versus 75 seeds m(-2) increased canola yields consistently across western Canada. Canola oil concentration varied among canola cultivars, but was consistently low when N rates were high (150% of recommended). Higher than normal seeding rates led to high canola seed oil concentration in some cases, but the effect was inconsistent.

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