期刊
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE
卷 31, 期 2, 页码 186-194出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/07060660909507592
关键词
disease management; epidemiology; forecasting systems; risk management
资金
- Matching Investment Initiative
- 'Societe de diversification economique des regions'
Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe necator, is the most important grape disease in Quebec, Canada. Based on the premise that the production of secondary inoculum is a key factor in powdery mildew development, a model based on degree-day accumulation was developed and validated as a tool to initiate a calendar-based fungicide program. The Richard's model was used to describe the proportion of seasonal airborne inoculum as a function of degree-days (base 6 degrees C) accumulated since the Eichhorn-Lorenz grape phenological stage 7 (2-3 fully expanded leaves). The model explained 91% of the variation in proportion of seasonal airborne inoculum and 96% when validated against independent observations. Reliability of the model to time the initiation of a standard fungicide spray program was validated in experimental vineyards from 2004 to 2007. The following management schemes were compared: (1) no fungicides (control); (2) fungicides applied at fixed intervals starting at the 3-4 leaves growth stage; (3) a fungicide spray program initiated based on the degree-day model; and (4) a fungicide spray program initiated based on both the degree-day model and airborne inoculum concentration. Depending on years and cultivars, the use of the model reduced the number of fungicide sprays by 40% to 55%. The degree-day model could be used as a component of a risk management system for grape powdery mildew to estimate the need for fungicide sprays before bloom or to time the initiation of a fungicide spray program.
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