期刊
BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
卷 100, 期 5A, 页码 2095-2123出版社
SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1785/0120100057
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资金
- USGS [05HQGR0070]
- SCEC under NSF [EAR-0623704, OCI-0749313]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [0744493] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure (OAC)
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr [905019] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
This paper describes refinements to the hybrid broadband ground-motion simulation methodology of Graves and Pitarka (2004), which combines a deterministic approach at low frequencies (f < 1 Hz) with a semistochastic approach at high frequencies (f > 1 Hz). In our approach, fault rupture is represented kinematically and incorporates spatial heterogeneity in slip, rupture speed, and rise time. The prescribed slip distribution is constrained to follow an inverse wavenumber-squared fall-off and the average rupture speed is set at 80% of the local shear-wave velocity, which is then adjusted such that the rupture propagates faster in regions of high slip and slower in regions of low slip. We use a Kostrov-like slip-rate function having a rise time proportional to the square root of slip, with the average rise time across the entire fault constrained empirically. Recent observations from large surface rupturing earthquakes indicate a reduction of rupture propagation speed and lengthening of rise time in the near surface, which we model by applying a 70% reduction of the rupture speed and increasing the rise time by a factor of 2 in a zone extending from the surface to a depth of 5 km. We demonstrate the fidelity of the technique by modeling the strong-motion recordings from the Imperial Valley, Loma Prieta, Landers, and Northridge earthquakes.
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