期刊
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
卷 88, 期 3, 页码 316-321出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0515-5
关键词
Imidacloprid; Surface water; Pesticide mixtures; Agriculture
Seventy-five surface water samples were collected from three agricultural regions of California and analyzed for the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid. Samples were collected during California's relatively dry-weather irrigation seasons in 2010 and 2011. Imidacloprid was detected in 67 samples (89%); concentrations exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency's chronic invertebrate Aquatic Life Benchmark of 1.05 mu g/L in 14 samples (19%). Concentrations were also frequently greater than similar toxicity guidelines developed for use in Europe and Canada. The results indicate that imidacloprid commonly moves offsite and contaminates surface waters at concentrations that could harm aquatic organisms following use under irrigated agriculture conditions in California.
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