期刊
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
卷 44, 期 3, 页码 437-445出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.04.002
关键词
Pedestrian; Crowd evacuation; Crowd behavior; Evacuation model
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [70502006]
- Program for a New Century of Excellent University Talents, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China [NCET-07-0056]
Crowd evacuation of a building has been studied over the last decades. In this paper, seven methodological approaches for crowd evacuation have been identified. These approaches include cellular automata models, lattice gas models, social force models, fluid-dynamic models, agent-based models, game theoretic models, and approaches based on experiments with animals. According to available literatures, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, and conclude that a variety of different kinds of approaches should be combined to study crowd evacuation. Psychological and physiological elements affecting individual and collective behaviors should be also incorporated into the evacuation models. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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