期刊
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
卷 43, 期 6, 页码 1072-1081出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.02.007
关键词
environmental impacts; heating systems; hot water heating; forced air heating; house; life-cycle analysis; energy; exergy; emissions; cost
This paper presents a comparison of environmental impacts of two residential heating systems, a hot water heating (HWH) system with mechanical ventilation and a forced air heating (FAH) system. These two systems are designed for a house recently built near Montreal, Canada. The comparison is made with respect to the life-cycle energy use, the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the expanded cumulative exergy consumption (ECExC), the energy and exergy efficiencies, and the life-cycle cost. The results indicate that the heating systems cause marginal impacts compared with the entire house in the pre-operating phase. In the operating phase, on the other hand, they cause significant environmental impacts. The HWH systems with a heat recovery ventilator (HRV) using either electricity or natural gas have the lowest life-cycle energy use and lowest ECExC. The HWH and FAH systems using electricity as energy source have the lowest GHG emissions. Finally, the FAH systems have, on the average, a lower life-cycle cost than the HWH systems. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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