期刊
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
卷 195, 期 5, 页码 408-413出版社
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.058925
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资金
- Academy of Finland [117604, 124322]
- European Science Foundation
- Medical Research Council (MRC) [G8802774]
- British Heart Foundation
- UK Health and Safety Executive
- UK Department of Health
- US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [HL36310]
- US National Institute on Aging [AG13196]
- US Agency for Health Care Policy and Research [HS06516]
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Networks on Successful Midlife Development and Socio-economic Status and Health
- British Heart Foundation [RG/07/008/23674] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0100222, G8802774, G19/35] Funding Source: researchfish
Background Studies of diet and depression have focused primarily on individual nutrients. Aims To examine the association between dietary patterns and depression using an overall diet approach. Method Analyses were carried on data from 3486 participants (26.2% women, mean age 55.6 years) from the Whitehall 11 prospective cohort, in which two dietary patterns were identified: 'whole food' (heavily loaded by vegetables, fruits and fish) and 'processed food' (heavily loaded by sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat, refined grains and high-fat dairy products). Self-reported depression was assessed 5 years later using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of the whole food pattern had lower odds of CES-D depression (OR=0.74, 95% Cl 0.56-0.99) than those in the lowest fertile. in contrast, high consumption of processed food was associated with an increased odds of CES-D depression (OR=1.58, 95% Cl 1.11-2.23). Conclusions In middle-aged participants, a processed food dietary pattern is a risk factor for CES-D depression 5 years later, whereas a whole food pattern is protective.
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