期刊
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
卷 107, 期 1, 页码 135-145出版社
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114511002625
关键词
Mediterranean diet; Pregnancy; Fetal growth; Smoking
资金
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041, FIS-FEDER 03/1615, 04/1509, 04/1112, 04/1931, 05/1079, 05/1052, 06/1213, 07/0314, 09/02647, FISS-PI042018, FISS-PI09/02311, FIS-PI06/0867, FIS-PS09/00090, FIS-PI041436, FIS- PI081151]
- Conselleria de Sanitat Generalitat Valenciana, Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT [1999SGR 00241]
- Obra social Cajastur, Universidad de Oviedo, Department of Health of the Basque Government [2005111093, 2009111069]
- Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa [DFG06/004, DFG08/001]
- Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute [072058]
- EU [FOOD-CT-2005-016320, Food-CT-2006-036224]
Dietary intake of specific nutrients or food groups during pregnancy could influence fetal growth, but scant evidence is available on effects of dietary patterns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence during pregnancy on fetal growth in two population-based mother-child cohorts in Spain and Greece. We studied 2461 mother-newborn pairs from the Spanish multi-centre 'INMA' study (Atlantic area: INMA-Atlantic; Mediterranean area: INMA-Mediterranean), and 889 pairs from the 'RHEA' study in Crete, Greece. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed by FFQ and MD adherence was evaluated through an a priori score. Fetal growth restriction was based on a customised model, and multivariate log-binomial and linear regression models were used to adjust for several confounders. MD scores differ significantly between the cohorts with women in INMA-Atlantic reporting higher intakes of fish and dairy products, while women in the Mediterranean area reported higher intakes of cereals, vegetables and fruits. Women with high MD adherence had a significantly lower risk of delivering a fetal growth-restricted infant for weight (risk ratios: 0.5; 95% CI 0.3, 0.9) in the INMA-Mediterranean cohort. Stratified analysis by smoking revealed that higher MD adherence increased birth weight and birth length in smoking mothers, whereas this effect was not apparent in non-smoking mothers. The results of the present study show that several types of MD exist across European Mediterranean regions. High MD adherence may modify the detrimental effect of smoking on birth size, but overall effects of diet were not universal for the studies in this analysis.
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