The genotype nucleophosmin mutated and FLT3-ITD negative is characterized by high bax/bcl-2 ratio and favourable outcome in acute myeloid leukaemia

P>Nucleophosmin gene (NPM1) mutations characterize acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with normal karyotype and frequently co-exist with FLT3 internal tandem duplications (ITD). We evaluated bcl-2, bax, NPM1 and FLT3-ITD in 222 AML patients. Bax/bcl-2 ratio > 0 center dot 35 and NPM1 without FLT3-ITD were significantly associated (P = 0 center dot 0001). NPM1-mutated (mt)/FLT3-ITD negative patients showed a higher complete remission (CR) rate (90%, P = 0 center dot 0002) and a longer overall survival (OS, P = 0 center dot 00007). NPM1-mt/FLT3-ITD negative plus bax/bcl-2 > 0 center dot 35 subset showed a very high CR rate (96%), very long OS (P = 0 center dot 00005) and disease-free survival (P = 0 center dot 004). The favourable prognosis of NPM1-mt/FLT3-ITD negative patients might be explained by a higher bax/bcl-2 ratio.