Comparison of the effects of gelatin and a modern hydroxyethyl starch solution on renal function and inflammatory response in elderly cardiac surgery patients

Background. The effects of hydroxyethylstarch (HES) 130/0.4 6% and gelatin 4% on inflammation, endothelial integrity, and renal function after cardiac surgery were compared. Methods. Sixty patients aged > 80 yr undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized to receive gelatin(n = 30) or HES 130/0.4 (n = 30). The colloid was used in the priming of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit (500 ml) and for volume replacement until the second postoperative day (POD). Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, IL-6, IL-10, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), urinary glutathione transferase-alpha, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were measured perioperatively. Serum creatinine was also reported similar to 60 days after discharge. Results. The mean(SD) volume of gelatin infused was 4180(440) ml, which was greater than the volume of HES infused 2910( 330) ml (P = 0.002). The mean(SD) volume of serum creatinine on the first POD was 151(24) mu mol litre 21 in the gelatin group and 126(13) mmol litre 21 in the HES group (P = 0.004). Values for the second POD were 161(0.26) and 133(16) mmol litre 21, respectively (P = 0.004). Creatinine clearance was lower in the gelatin group on the first POD [ 37(7) vs 46(8) ml min(-1) 1.73 m(2) (P = 0.004)] and the second POD [32(8) vs 45(10) ml min(-1) 1.73 m(2) (P = 0.002)]. Kidney function similar to 60 days after discharge did not differ between the groups. IL- 6, IL- 10, and sICAM(-1) were significantly lower in the HES group than in the gelatin group on the first and second PODs. Urinary alpha-GST increased in both groups to a comparable extent. Urinary NGAL concentrations were higher in the gelatin than in the HES patients 5 h after surgery and on the first and second PODs. Conclusions. In cardiac surgery patients aged > 80 years, volume therapy with HES 130/0.4 6% was associated with less marked changes in kidney function and a less marked endothelial inflammatory response than gelatin 4%.