期刊
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
卷 138, 期 3, 页码 657-664出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2488-z
关键词
Interleukin 6; Breast cancer; Prognostic marker; Cancer stem cell; Cancer cell growth; Metastasis
类别
资金
- Danish National Research Foundation [02-512-55]
- Danish Medical Research Council
- Rigshospitalets Research Funds
- Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation
Chronic low-grade inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several cancer forms including breast cancer. The pleiotropic cytokine IL-6 is a key player in systemic inflammation, regulating both the inflammatory response and tissue metabolism during acute stimulations. Here, we review the associations between IL-6 and breast cancer ranging from in vitro cell culture studies to clinical studies, covering the role of IL-6 in controlling breast cancer cell growth, regulation of cancer stem cell renewal, as well as breast cancer cell migration. Moreover, associations between circulating IL-6 and risk of breast cancer, prognosis for patients with prevalent disease, adverse effects and interventions to control systemic IL-6 levels in patients are discussed. In summary, direct application of IL-6 on breast cancer cells inhibits proliferation in estrogen receptor positive cells, while high circulating IL-6 levels are correlated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. This discrepancy reflects distinct roles of IL-6, with elevated systemic levels being a biomarker for tumor burden, physical inactivity, and impaired metabolism, while local intratumoral IL-6 signaling is important for controlling breast cancer cell growth, metastasis, and self renewal of cancer stem cells.
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