NF-kappa B Signaling in Neurite Growth and Neuronal Survival

The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) transcription factor system plays multiple roles in the function of the nervous system during development and postnatal physiology. In the developing nervous system, neurite outgrowth could be regulated by both canonical and alternative NF-kappa B signaling pathways. The degree and site of NF-kappa B activation could promote or inhibit neuronal survival in a complex, signal and subunit-dependent manner. The significance and mechanistic basis of some of NF-kappa B activity in neurons have remained controversial. We discuss our current understanding and recent findings with regard to the roles of NF-kappa B in the neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival, and how NF-kappa B activation is associated with the pathophysiology of ischemic/traumatic injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.