Effect of topological defects on graphene geometry and stability

The effect of two basic topological defects, mitosis and the Stone-Wales defect, is studied in the graphene structure. The topological rules of the curvatures due to the occurrence of the defects in different arrangements are determined. Despite the fact that the causes and the probability of these topological defects are not known today, this theoretical work studies the distortions caused by the defects geometry and stability of the graphene structure.