Surgery for Meniere's disease

Background Meniere's disease is characterised by three major symptoms: vertigo, deafness, and tinnitus or aural fullness, all of which are discontinuous and variable in intensity. A number of surgical modalities, of varying levels of invasiveness, have been developed to reduce the symptoms of Meniere's disease, but it is not clear whether or not these are effective. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of surgical options for the treatment of Meniere's disease. All surgical interventions used in the treatment of Meniere's disease, either to alter the natural history of the disease or to abolish vestibular function, were considered for this review. Search strategy We searched the Cochrane Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Group Trials Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); PubMed; EMBASE; CINAHL; Web of Science; BIOSIS Previews; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts; mRCT and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the most recent search was 25 February 2009. Selection criteria Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled studies of a surgical modality versus a placebo therapy in Meniere's disease. Data collection and analysis Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Study authors were contacted for further information. Main results The only surgical intervention which has been evaluated in randomised controlled trials and met the inclusion criteria was endolymphatic sac surgery. We identified two randomised trials, involving a total of 59 patients; one comparing endolymphatic sac surgery with ventilation tubes and one with simple mastoidectomy. Neither study reported any beneficial effect of surgery either in comparison to placebo surgery or grommet insertion. Authors' conclusions The two trials included in this review provide insufficient evidence of the beneficial effect of endolymphatic sac surgery in Meniere's disease.