期刊
BONE
卷 53, 期 1, 页码 204-215出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.12.002
关键词
Ex-vivo calcium imaging; Osteoblast; Osteocyte; Gap junction
资金
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24792281, 24593091] Funding Source: KAKEN
Bone cells respond to mechanical stimuli by producing a variety of biological signals, and one of the earliest events is intracellular calcium ([Ca2+](i)) mobilization. Our recently developed ex vivo live [Ca2+](i) imaging system revealed that bone cells in intact bone explants showed autonomous [Ca2+](i) oscillations, and osteocytes specifically modulated these oscillations through gap junctions. However, the behavior and connectivity of the [Ca2+](i) signaling networks in mechanotransduction have not been investigated in intact bone. We herein introduce a novel fluid-flow platform for probing cellular signaling networks in live intact bone, which allows the application of capillary-driven flow just on the bone explant surface while performing real-time fluorogenic monitoring of the [Ca2+](i) changes. In response to the flow, the percentage of responsive cells was increased in both osteoblasts and osteocytes, together with upregulation of c-fos expression in the explants. However, enhancement of the peak relative fluorescence intensity was not evident. Treatment with 18 alpha-GA, a reversible inhibitor of gap junction, significantly blocked the [Ca2+](i), responsiveness in osteocytes without exerting any major effect in osteoblasts. On the contrary, such treatment significantly decreased the flow-activated oscillatory response frequency in both osteoblasts and osteocytes. The stretch-activated membrane channel, when blocked by Gd3+, is less affected in the flow-induced [Ca2+](i) response. These findings indicated that flow-induced mechanical stimuli accompanied the activation of the autonomous [Ca2+](i) oscillations in both osteoblasts and osteocytes via gap junction-mediated cell-cell communication and hemichannel. Although how the bone sense the mechanical stimuli in vivo still needs to be elucidated, the present study suggests that cell-cell signaling via augmented gap junction and hemichannel-mediated [Ca2+](i) mobilization could be involved as an early signaling event in mechanotransduction. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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