A plant kinase plays roles in defense response against geminivirus by phosphorylation of a viral pathogenesis protein

The plant SNF1-related kinase (SnRK1) is the a-subunit of the SnRK1 heterotrimeric compleses. Although SnRK1 is widely known as a key regulator of plant response to various physiological processes including nutrient-and energy-sensing, regulation of global metabolism, and control of cell cycle, development, as well as abiotics stress, less is known about the function of SnRK1 during pathogen infection. Our previous work has demonstrated that a tomato SNF1-related kinase (SlSnRK1) can interact with and phosphorylate beta C1, a pathogenesis protein encoded by tomato yellow leaf curl China betasatellite. Our results also showed that the plant SnRK1 can affect genimivirus infection in plant and reduce viral DNA accumulation. Phosphorylation of beta C1 protein negatively impacts its function as a pathogenicity determinant. Here we provide more information on interaction between beta C1 and SlSnRK1 and propose a mechanistic model for the SlSnRK1mediated defense responses against geminiviruses and the potential role of SnRK1 in plant resistance to geminivirus.