Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production

Most of the positive effects of solar radiation are mediated via ultravioleNB (UVB) induced production of vitamin D in skin. However, several other pathways may exist for the action of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on humans as focused on in this review. One is induction of cosmetic tanning (immediate pigment darkening, persistent pigment darkening and delayed tanning). UVB -induced, delayed tanning (increases melanin in skin after several days), act as a sunscreen. Several huntan skin diseases, like psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis and localized scleroderma, can be treated with solar radiation (heliotherapy) or artificial UV radiation (phototherapy). UV exposure can suppress the clinical symptoms of multiple sclerosis independently of vitamin D synthesis. Furthermore, UV generates nitric oxide (NO), which may reduce blood pressum and generally improve cardiovascular health. UVAinduced NO may also have antimicrobial effects and furthermore, act as a neurotransmitter, Finally, UV exposure may improve mood through the release of endorphins.