期刊
BMC MEDICINE
卷 11, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-207
关键词
Mediterranean diet; Low-fat diet; Systolic blood pressure; Diastolic blood pressure; Controlled trial; PREDIMED trial; Monounsaturated fat; Dietary patterns; Olive oil; Nuts
资金
- Official Funding Agency for Biomedical Research of the Spanish Government
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [RTIC G03/140, RTIC RD 06/0045]
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares [CNIC 06/2007]
- Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [PI04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/00802, PI10/01407, PI10/02658, PI11/01647, P11/02505]
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AGL-2009-13906-C02, AGL2010-22319-C03]
- Fundacion Mapfre
- Agencia Canaria de Investigacion
- Innovacion y Sociedad de la Informacion-EU FEDER [PI 2007/050]
- Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia [PI0105/2007]
- Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia
- Generalitat Valenciana [ACOM/2012/238, ACOMP06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151, CS2010-AP-111, CS2011-AP-042 ACOMP/2013/159, ACOMP/213/165]
- Regional Government of Navarra [P27/2011]
- Rio Hortega post-residency fellowship of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spanish Government
- Fundacion Mutua Madrilena (Spain)
Background: Hypertension can be prevented by adopting healthy dietary patterns. Our aim was to assess the 4-year effect on blood pressure (BP) control of a randomized feeding trial promoting the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern. Methods: The PREDIMED primary prevention trial is a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial conducted in Spanish primary healthcare centers. We recruited 7,447 men (aged 55 to 80 years) and women (aged 60 to 80 years) who had high risk for cardiovascular disease. Participants were assigned to a control group or to one of two Mediterranean diets. The control group received education on following a low-fat diet, while the groups on Mediterranean diets received nutritional education and also free foods; either extra virgin olive oil, or nuts. Trained personnel measured participants' BP at baseline and once yearly during a 4-year follow-up. We used generalized estimating equations to assess the differences between groups during the follow-up. Results: The percentage of participants with controlled BP increased in all three intervention groups (P-value for within-group changes: P<0.001). Participants allocated to either of the two Mediterranean diet groups had significantly lower diastolic BP than the participants in the control group (-1.53 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) -2.01 to -1.04) for the Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil, and -0.65 mmHg (95% CI -1.15 to -0.15) mmHg for the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts). No between-group differences in changes of systolic BP were seen. Conclusions: Both the traditional Mediterranean diet and a low-fat diet exerted beneficial effects on BP and could be part of advice to patients for controlling BP. However, we found lower values of diastolic BP in the two groups promoting the Mediterranean diet with extra virgin olive oil or with nuts than in the control group.
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