期刊
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
卷 2, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00251
关键词
ticks; Ixodes ricinus; tick-borne pathogens; urban habitats; Europe
资金
- EU [FP7-261504 EDENext]
- Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- NKB grant from Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University
- Research Faculty grant from Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University
Tick-borne diseases represent major public and animal health issues worldwide. Ixodes ricinus, primarily associated with deciduous and mixed forests, is the principal vector of causative agents of viral, bacterial, and protozoan zoonotic diseases in Europe. Recently, abundant tick populations have been observed in European urban green areas, which are of public health relevance due to the exposure of humans and domesticated animals to potentially infected ticks. In urban habitats, small and medium-sized mammals, birds, companion animals (dogs and cats), and larger mammals (roe deer and wild boar) play a role in maintenance of tick populations and as reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens. Presence of ticks infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus and high prevalence of ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., causing Lyme borreliosis, have been reported from urbanized areas in Europe. Emerging pathogens, including bacteria of the order Rickettsiales (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Rickettsia helvetica, and R. monacensis), Borrelia miyamotoi, and protozoans (Babesia divergens, B. venatorum, and B. microti) have also been detected in urban tick populations. Understanding the ecology of ticks and their associations with hosts in a European urbanized environment is crucial to quantify parameters necessary for risk pre-assessment and identification of public health strategies for control and prevention of tick-borne diseases.
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