期刊
BMB REPORTS
卷 44, 期 4, 页码 217-231出版社
KOREAN SOCIETY BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.5483/BMBRep.2011.44.4.217
关键词
Cancer; Chronic pathogen; T cell exhaustion; T cell immune response
资金
- Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, Republic of Korea [A101750]
- Korea government (MEST) [2010-0015825, 2010-0027222]
- Yonsei University
- Park Junior Faculty Fellowship, Republic of Korea.
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0027222] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
T cell exhaustion develops under conditions of antigen-persistence caused by infection with various chronic pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), or by the development of cancer. T cell exhaustion is characterized by stepwise and progressive loss of T cell function, which is probably the main reason for the failed immunological control of chronic pathogens and cancers. Recent observations have detailed some of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the severity of T cell exhaustion. Duration and magnitude of antigenic activation of T cells might be associated with up-regulation of inhibitory receptors, which is a major intrinsic factor of T cell exhaustion. Extrinsic factors might include the production of suppressive cytokines, T cell priming by either non-professional antigenpresenting cells (APCs) or tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs), and alteration of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Further investigation of the cellular and molecular processes behind the development of T cell exhaustion can reveal therapeutic targets and strategies for the treatment of chronic infections and cancers. Here, we report the properties and the mechanisms of T cell exhaustion in a chronic environment. [BMB reports 2011; 44(4): 217-231]
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