期刊
BLOOD
卷 115, 期 15, 页码 3070-3078出版社
AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-10-245225
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资金
- NIH [RR000168]
- NIH New England Primate Research Center [AI43890, AI30034, AI065335]
- NIAID Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology [AI067854]
- Harvard Medical School Center for AIDS Research [AI060354]
- NIH Nonhuman Primate Reagent Resource [AI040101 and RR016001]
One of the most puzzling observations in HIV research is the lack of pathogenicity in most nonhuman primate species that are natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection. Despite this, natural hosts experience a level of viremia similar to humans infected with HIV or macaques infected with SIV. To determine the role of adaptive immune responses in viral containment and lack of disease, we delayed the generation of cellular and humoral immune responses by administering anti-CD8- and anti-CD20 lymphocyte-depleting antibodies to sabaeus African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) before challenge with SIVsab9315BR. In vivo lymphocyte depletion during primary infection resulted in a brief elevation of viremia but not in disease. Based on the magnitude and timing of SIV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses in the lymphocyte-depleted animals, CD8(+) T-cell responses appear to contribute to viral containment in natural hosts. We found no evidence for a contribution of humoral immune responses in viral containment. These studies indicate that natural hosts have developed mechanisms in addition to classic adaptive immune responses to cope with this lentiviral infection. Thus, adaptive immune responses in natural hosts appear to be less critical for viral containment than in HIV infection. (Blood. 2010;115(15):3070-3078)
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