Association of RETN C-420G single nucleotide polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistani Punjabi Rajput population

Objectives: To determine the association of human resistin gene RETN C-420G single nucleotide polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a specific ethnic population. Methods: The controlled study was conducted from June 2012 to January 2015 at Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, and the Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan. Patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls belonging to Pakistani Punjabi Rajput ethnic group were genotyped for human resistin gene RETNC-420G single nucleotide polymorphism. Serum resistin, serum insulin, fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, body mass index and insulin resistance was determined and correlated with genotypes. SPSS 18 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 789 subjects, 539(68%) were diabetics and 250(32%) were controls. Serum resistin levels were significantly higher in diabetics than controls (p<0.05). The frequency of GG, GC and CC was 15(2.8%), 322(59.75%) and 202(37.5%) in diabtics. This single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with diabetes (p<0.02). Human resistin gene RETN C-420G single nucleotide polymorphism was not associated with serum resistin, insulin, body mass index, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in both groups (p<0.05 each). Conclusions: Human resistin gene RETN C-420G single nucleotide polymorphism was found to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Pakistani Punjabi Rajput population.