Enhancement of reproductive performance in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) by supplementation of Ulva clathrata meal in maturation diet in two commercial hatcheries

The effect of supplementing dehydrated seaweed Ulva clathrata (20 g/kg) in the squid fraction of a formulated fresh diet on the reproductive performance of Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock was evaluated in two commercial hatcheries (A and B). The origin of broodstock, use of ablation on females, tank/culture conditions (for maturation, spawning, and larval rearing) were different between hatcheries. Daily mortality was higher (p < .01) for females in the control group compared to Ulva-fed group of hatchery A, where females were ablated. No differences in mortality were found for unablated females in hatchery B, or with males from either hatchery. In hatchery A, broodstock fed Ulva produced more eggs (an increase in + 5% compared to control, p < .05) and nauplii per female (+ 18%, p < .01). In hatchery B, broodstock fed Ulva produced significantly more eggs (+ 26%, p < .05) and nauplii per day (+ 33%, p < .05). In hatcheries A and B, eggs from broodstock fed Ulva had increased hatching rates (+ 13 and + 7%, respectively, p < .001 in both cases). The number of spawns per day had a tendency to be higher in broodstock fed Ulva in both hatcheries, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (+ 14% for hatchery A and + 20% for hatchery B). Dehydrated U. clathrata appears therefore as a functional additive in L. vannamei maturation diets that enhances the reproductive performance at commercial scale, regardless of the management conditions.