Use of surface plasmon resonance to study the elongation kinetics and the binding properties of the highly amyloidogenic Aβ1-42 peptide, synthesized by depsi-peptide technique

A wide variety of human diseases are associated with the formation of highly organized protein aggregates termed amyloid fibrils, whose growth (elongation) is due to the assembly of the basic molecular units (monomers) in a sequential polymerization process. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology has been proposed as a powerful approach to study in detail the fibril elongation of some amyloidogenic peptides. In particular, the injection of monomers over immobilized fibrils allows to follow in real time, and on a very short time-scale, the kinetics of fibril growth. In the present study we confirmed and extended this application of SPR to A beta(1-42), hampered till now by the very pronounced aggregation propensity of this peptide, involved in Alzheimer disease. We took advantage of a new synthetic strategy (depsi-peptide technique) which allows to obtain reliable seed-free solutions (monomers) as well as fibrils of A beta(1-42). SPR data were consistent with a dock-and-lock mechanism underlying A beta(1-42) elongation process. The setup of an assay monitoring the elongation kinetics is very useful for investigating potential anti-amyloidogenic compounds. Moreover, the possibility to reliably immobilize both A beta(1-42) monomers and fibrils allows to measure the binding affinities of putative ligands for these different species. The approach applied here to A beta(1-42) might well be also applied to the study of other fibrillogenic peptides/proteins or to the study of polymerization reactions in general. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.